ДЕРЖАВНЕ ФІНАНСУВАННЯ НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ І РОЗРОБОК В США
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30888/2709-2267.2023-16-01-020Ключові слова:
research and development, federal budget, federal government, research institutions, fundamental research, applied researchАнотація
The purpose of the article is to show the role of the public sector in financing research and development (RD) in the USA. Based on the results of studying the annual budget reports of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, analytical mMetrics
Посилання
Historical Trendsin Federal R&D. The American Association for the Advancement of Science. URL:https://www.aaas.org/page/ trends-federal-rd.
Hourihan M. Some Facts about the Biden R&D Budget. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 22 June 2021. URL: https://www.aaas.org/news/some-facts-about-biden-rd-budget.
AAAS Statement on President Biden's Announcement of Increased Investment in Federal Research Spending in the American Jobs Plan. April 1, 2021. URL:https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/2021-04/AAAS%20Statement%20on%20President%20Biden%E2%80%99.
Federal Science Budget Analysis. AAAS URL https://www.aaas.org/ focus-areas/federal-science-budget-analysis?page=1.
Academic Research and Development. URL: https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20213/introduction.
Pat Towell. The Department of Defense. Budget: An Orientation. Congressional Research Service R46965. November 12, 2021. URL: https://crsreports.congress.gov R46965.
NASA Selects Companies to Develop Commercial Destinations in Space. URL: https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-selects-companies-to-develop-commercial-destinations-in-space.
Zimmermann А. Hourihan М. U.S. R&D and Іnnovation in a Global Context: 2022 Data Update. URL: https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/2022-05/AAAS%20Global%20R%26D%20Update%20May%202022.pdf.
Mervis J., Malakoff D. Final 2020 spending bill is kind to U.S. research. 16.12.2019. URL: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/12/final-2020-spending-bill-kind-us-research.
Hourihan M. Update: In the Age of Trump, Congress Keeps Boosting Science Funding. American Association for Advancement of Science. 17.12.2019. URL: https://www.aaas.org/news/update-age-trump-congress-keeps-boosting-science-funding.
S.1260 – United States Innovation and Competition Act of 2021. URL: https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/1260/text.
Gruber J., Johnson S. Jump-Starting America. How Breakthrough Science Can Revive Economic Growth and the American Dream. Public Affairs, New York. April 2019. 340 p.
Restoring the Foundation: The Vital Role of Research in Preserving the American Dream. Report, SEP 2014. URL: https://www.amacad.org/sites/default/files/publication/resources/AmericanAcad_RestoringtheFoundation_Brief.pdf
Опубліковано
Як цитувати
Ліцензія
Авторське право (c) 2023 Автори
Ця робота ліцензується відповідно до Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
